logo Ogden's Basic English

THE THREE SIGNS
AND
OTHER AMERICAN STORIES
BY
HAWTHORNE, IRVING, AND POE

Put into Basic English

Psyche Miniatures, General Series No. 79

LONDON ; KEGAN PAUL. TRENCH, TRUBNER & Co., Ltd. 1935


DIVISION OF PAGES



TO THE READER


    Hawthorne, Irving, and Poe -- the three most important American writers in the 50 years before the Civil War -- were as different as possible from one another in birth, training and outlook.
    Nathaniel Hawthorne came for an old Puritan family whose great days were in the past, and , breathing the grey air of Salem, Massachusetts, untouched by the new and happier ideas of his time, he gave his mind to the bitter questions of wrong-doing and punishment.
    Washington Irving, the son of a man of some position with a hose in New York, saw everything through the good-humoured eyes of a man of society. He was a person of wide interests who took a pleasure in long journeys, and he made use of all his experiences in his writings.
    The mother and father of Edgar Allen Poe were on the stage, and from them he probably got his tendency to strongly-colored ideas and his love for things unnatural and strange. In his belief in himself, and in the deep love and respect for women which is seen in much of his best work, he is representative of the South, where he was living for most of his short existence.
    But different though they are from one another, these three writers have one common quality -- a way of seeing all existence as it s not. In the 'Romantic' school of writing, of which these three stories are examples, everyday things take on new forms and colors, and common men and women become beings with bright wings or forked tails. These effects are dependent in a marked degree on the feeling-value of words, and it is interesting to see how far they are possible in the controlled language of Basic.
    For reading this section only the 850 words of Basic English, printed at the front, are necessary. They are worked by the rules given for learners in the The ABC of Basic English and a full list of other works on Basic English is given on the last page. For the Basic form of "The Three Signs" and "The Glasses," Mr. J. Rantz, the writer of The Sounds and Forms of Basic English, is responsible. "The Shade of the Dead Lover" was put into Basic by Miss K. Newmark.

C. K. OGDEN.

The Orthological Institute,
    10, King's Parade,
        Cambridge, England.

THE THREE SIGNS
by Nathaniel Hawthorne


THE SHADE OF THE DEAD LOVER
by Washington Irving


THE GLASSES
by Edgar Allen Poe