The letter N.

(e) Finger or toe nail; ongle. Hammering a namil into the wood; nailing a board across the window. Cleaning her nails..

(e) Name for being (or doing); répatation; Ruf.
Give the name of a person (thing); naming the baby. The business has a good name..
** Have a name. for kind acts. (Done in the name of religion).

narrow, adj.  ’naerou; étroit; eng.
  (e) Limited; borne; besahriinkt.
  A narrow  opening. Take a narrow view; be n.-minded.
nation, noun.  ’nei_[an; nation; Nation, Volk.
  Italy was made into a n.; an agreement between nn.
natural (un-, -ly), adj.  ’naetfral; natarel; natiirlich.
  (e) Not surprising; not self-conscious, straightforward.
  We have to keep our natural.  impulses under control; he has a natural love
  of music; have an unnatural desire for food; the girl is naturally
  good-humored. Make a very natural error; his interest in the boy is quite n.; 
  naturally he was angry. She is very narrow in her behavior.
near (-er, -est), adv., prep., a. nia’*; pres: proche; nahe.
  Come n.; they got nearer and nearer to him. They are near here;
  we are near the time of the test. The town is quite n.; the nearest hospital.
necessary (un-, -1y), a. ’nesisari; nécessaire; notwendig.
  Food is necessary for all; take the necessary steps to get him free; a necessary effect;
  your trouble was quite unnecessary; his statement is not necessarily true.
neck, noun.  ’nek; cou; Hals, Nacken.
  (e) Narrow (joining) part; col; Hals, Landenge.
  Have a collar round one’s n.; turning one’s n.; a dress with a
  square neck.  The neck of a bottle; a neck of land.

INTERNATIONAL SECOND LANGUAGE 305
need (-er, -ing, -ed), noun. nizd; besoin, nécessité; Notwendigkeit.
  (s) Being without what is necessary for existence; dénuement; Not.
  (e) Thing needed; besoin; Bedurfnis.
  There is need for him to go; we are needing help. A person in
  great need.  His needs are simple.
  * Have need of.
needle, noun.  ’ni;dl; aiguille; Nadel.
  Stitching with a n.; threading the 1'1.
needlework, s. Basic words.  Stitching done by hand.
nerve (-er, -ing, -ed), noun.  ’na;v; nerf; Nerv.
  A pain in the nerve of a tooth; nerving oneself to do.
  * “Get on one’s· nn.
net (-ter, -ting, -ted), noun.  net; réseau; Netz.
  (e) Net material; flet.
  Put a net over one’s hair (the trees); a fishing-net; netting fish. A
  hat made of net; a net bag.
network, noun.  Basic words.  Complex system of lines and so on, like the
  threads in a net.
never, adv. Basic words.  N(ot) ever.
new (-ly), a. njuz; nouveau, frais; neu.
  (e) Newly got or made; neuf.
  These new houses are interesting; go to a new country; a new form
  of art; that is new to me. She had on a new dress; new bread is bad for
  the digestion; is that old table in your living-room new? They are
  newly married.
news, noun.  njuixz; nouvelle; Naehrieht, Neuigkeit.
  Give them the n.; get into the n.
newsboy, noun.  Basic words.  Boy with newspapers for distribution.
newspaper, noun.  Basic words.  Printed paper giving news and so on regularly.
nickel, nikl. International word.
nicotine*, nika’ti:n.  International word.
night, noun.  nait; nuit; Nacht.
  (e) The early part of the night; soir; Abend.
  Some were working all the day, others all the n.; have a good
night’s rest. A night at the theater.
  * (All n.; come by n.; go to bed at n.; goo‘d n.).
nightfall, noun.  Basic words.  End of daylight.

306 BASIC ENGLISH
no, a., adv., int. nou; non, pas; nein, kein, nicht.
  There is no money; I have no knowledge of the crime; I saw no  one; 
  this is no time for talking; that is of no use; it’s no trouble.
  No less than 100; say no more. No, I will not go.
  * (No longer).
  ** (It’s no good talking; no doubt).
nobody, pron. Basic words.  No person.
noise, noun.  noiz; bruit; Ldrm.
  (e) Sound; son; Geriiusch. .
  They made a nouise when the teacher went out; the papers are
  making a great noise about his play. The noise of a rat.
normal (un-, -ly), a. ’nc:mal; normal; normal.
  A normal person; a normal number; he is not acting normally.
north, a., adv., noun.  nc:0; nord; nbrdlich: Norden.
  A north window; a north wind. We went north; France is north of Africa. 
  The  north of the island is flat; the cold North.
nose, noun.  nouz; nez, museau; Nase.
  Breathing through the n.; the dog’s nose  is cold.
  ** Under one’s nose.
not, adv. not; ne . . . pas; nicht.
  I do not see it; he was ordered not to go; not one of them went;
  the play was not good; she did not say if she would come or not.
  * (He is not at all interesting).
note (-er, -ing, -ed), noun.  nout; note; Notiz, Anmerkung.
  (e) Short letter: unit of sound in music: sign for a music note:
  bit of paper money;  billet: ton: note: billet; [Kurzer] Brief: Ton:
  Note: [Bank-]Note.
  -ed, (e) With a public name; connu; beriihmt.
  Make a note of it; noting down ideas. Send him a note. Hearing the nn. 
  Playing without looking at the nn. The money was all in nn.
  A very noted man.
  * Take not of.
notepaper, noun.  Basic words.  Writing paper.
nothing, noun.  Basic words.  No thing, not anything.
now, adv. nau; maintenant; nun, ietzt.
  I will go n.; now is the time; we are now going; they have done
  nothing up to now; from now on he will come every day.
  ** noun, my point is.

INTERNATIONAL SECOND LANGUAGE 307

(e) Amount of units: group of units: one printing of a paper; nombre; nombre: numéro; Anzahls Anzahl: Nummer.
Writing down a n.; numbering the doors. That was the number present.
A number of books. A new number of the paper.
** Come in numbers.

(e) Nut for screw; écrou; Schraubenmutter.
Their food is nuts. Put the nut on tightIy or the screw will come out.

The letter O

(e) Statement based on observation ; power of observation; commentaire: observation; Bemerkung: Beobachtungsgabe.
He got his facts by observation; keep a man under observation. Make an interesting observation about. He has no observation.

A bit of cake; a day of the month; a representative of the government; a group of friends; a copy of a picture; a noise of voices; a waste of. time; an example of art; the power of doing; take any of these; be of good family; words of love; a tin of milk; a cake of soap; a house of wood; shoes of the same size.
*1. Do not go out of the room so quickly.
2 . You were talking of writing a book.
3 . I am full of good ideas.
4 . These facts may be of use (value, help, interest) to you.
5 . Clothing made of wool is best in a cold country.
6 . The Englishman’s love (care, control) of animals (the boy’s grip of the facts) is surprising.
7 . A man of 50 (years) is not old.
8 . In the future, we may be conscious of events at a distance.
9 . Basic is the best system because of its simple rules.
10. That was very kind of you; and your last point is a good example of advertisement.
      (Make much of; make sport of; in front of; in memory of; put in mind of; take note of; point of view; in support of.; in view of these facts; in the name of the King; be in the way of the horses; by word of mouth; get the better of; get tired of; get out of doing; be out of touch with).
308 BASIC ENGLISH
  ** A touch of the hat. (Made up of; on account of; get (keep) clear of; be of no effect; in the event of; on the face of it; frame of mind; a man of mark; wide of the mark; of some size; have need of; on the part of; make a point of; in receipt of; be short of; send word of something; what has become of it?; stopping short of; going out of business).

off, prep., adv. of; de; von . . . weg: ab, weg.
  (e) Away, at or to a distance.
  Take a cover o. a box; you are getting o. the point; a street 0.
  the square; put a person o. doing. Take your coat o.; there is a
  bit cut o.; the table leg was broken o. Keep the dogs o.; the man
  went o. whistling.
  * It was clear from their strange behavior that they were almost
  off their heads; his experience in the war did not put him o. his
  balance. (The gun went o.; he put o. the meeting; the teacher let
  the boy o. [punishment]).
  ** Badly o.; time o. (See a person  o. ; get o. one’s hands).
offer (-er, -ing, -ed), noun.  ’ofa*; offre; Anerbieten, Antrag.
  (s) Price offer made in competition; enchere; Angebot.
  -ing, (e) Something given; ofrande, cadeau; Opfer, Gabe.
  Make an 0. to do the work; offering him a cigarette; no help was
  odered. What oo.? He gave an offering to the Church.
office, noun.  ’ofis; bureau; Bureau.
  Working in an o. 
offspring, noun.  Basic words.  Sons and daughters.
oil (-er, -ing, -ed), noun.  oil; huile; Ol.
  Put o. in the machine; oiling a gun.
oilman, noun.  Basic words.  Man trading in oil.
oilskin, noun, a. Basic words.  (Coat of) cloth put through oil process
  to keep out water.
old, a. ould; oieux; alt.
  (e) Of, coming down from, the past; ancien, vieux.
  He is an o. man now; my coat is o. That’s an o. story; in the o.
  days; we are o. friends. `
  * I am 20 years old.

INTERNATIONAL SECOND LANGUAGE 309
olive*, 'oliv. International word.
omelette’”, ’omlit. International word.
on, prep., adv. on; sur, dessus; auf, iiber, an.
  (e) On the line of a given direction, forward; en avant; fort, weiter.
  On the top; on a certain day; be on one’s feet; on the list; on a line;
  hanging on the wall; goods on the market; put shoes on one’s feet; 
  they were all on my side; the sailors went on land; put a tax on goods; 
  trouble on his mind; the story is based on facts; put a value on jewels. 
  The house is farther on Put a record on; put a hat on
  * 1. The light (water, gas, play) is now on.
    2. The pictures are on view.
    3. I came on purpose to see them.
    4. This design is on a great (small) scale.
    5. I have a friend on the committee.
    6. He is an expert on old prints.
    7. He has gone on a journey to get some more.
    8. The profit (loss, interest) on his business is chieHy through insurance.
    9. Look! The house is on fire!
   10. Let us go (keep) on putting water on it. We will go on with
      the fight till the firemen come. 
  (Keep the manager on; put money on a horse; get on (well, badly)
  with a person; have an effect on; looking down on; acid acting on
  material; goods on approval; on condition that; goods on credit; 
  designs on her money; acting on impulse; put on record; take on one
  side; working on a book; keep an eye on; go on foot; on the one
  (other) hand; get on one’s nerves; on watch; be dependent on; be
  hard on a person; and so on; an attack on a man).
  ** On coming here; have it on good authority; make war on (Go
  on a system; take on a servant; goods on account; on no account; on
  account of; come on business; come on the chance that; a check on
  the bank; nothing on earth; on the face of it; work on hand; on high;
  on the l00k-0ut; looking on; keep one’s mind on work; on the part of;
  play on words; on the radio; a run on the bank; smiling on; on the
  telephone; on second thoughts; trading on one’s name; make a statement 
  on one’s word; on receipt of; get a line on).
oncoming, adj. Basic words.  Which is coming on.

310 BASIC ENGLISH
one (one’s), a., noun, pron. Basic number-word. 1. un, une; ein, (-e.).
  (e) Any person; on; man.
  Have only one sock. O. is the lowest number. The blue one is cheap.
  Butter makes one fat. .
  * (O. another; on the one hand,).
oneself, pron. Basic words.  Anyone himself or herself.
onlooker, noun.  Basic words.  Person watching, not taking part in, an event.
only, adv., a. ’ounli; sealement, ne . . . que; nar,_erst: einzig.
  I have only one pencil; he is only a boy; he came only one time; I was
  only playing; it was not only dark but raining; if only you were here. He
  is an only son.
onto, prep. Basic words.  To a position on.
open (-er, -ing, -ed, un-, -ly), a. oupan; ouoert; ofen.
  (e) Not shut in: keeping nothing secret: about which no decision
  has been made; plein: franc: franc; frei: agen: oyjfen.
  -ing, (e) Hole: start(ing); ouoerture: clébut; Offnung: Beginn.
  An open door; get the tin open; opening a letter; the box has been
  opened. O. country. Please be open with me; he said openly he would
  not go. It is still an o. question. Go through an opening. I am
  opening the discussion; the play has a good opening.
  * (Question open to argument).
  ** (Opening up a country.
open-work, noun.  Basic words.  Design with openings as in net.
opera, ’opar:->. International word.
operation, noun.  opzfreifan; operation, action, fonctionnement; Téitigkeit, Verfahren.
  (s) Medical operation on the body; opération; Operation.
  Bank 00.; the o. of milking; two men are needed for the o. of
  the machine. Do an o. on a person; he had an o. on his leg.
  * (The lift is in 0.).
opinion, noun.  0'pinjon; opinion; Meinang.
  Give us your 0.; I have no o. about it; in my o. you are wrong.
opium"*, 'oupjom. International word.
opposite, a., prep., s. ’opozit; opposé, oontraire: vis-a-vis (de);
  entgegengesetzt: gegeniiber: Gegenteil, Gegensatz.
  O. points of view; on the o. side of the street; they went in 0.
  directions. We are o. the house. Green is the o. of red.
or, conj. o:*; ou; oder.
  You or I will go; living or dead; two or three; Is it true or not?;
  the foot, or base, of a mountain; or you may say.
INTERNATIONAL SECOND LANGUAGE 311

orange, noun, adj. ’orind5; orange; Apfelsine.
  (e) Orange color; Orangenfarbe: orangenfarbig.
  Take an orange off the plate. The door is painted light orange The book
  has an orange cover.
orchestra, ’o;kistro. International word.
order (-er, -ing, -ed), noun. ’o;da"*; ordre; Ordnung.
  (e) Word of authority: highest division but one of plants, animals:
  organization of persons living together in the name of religion;
  public reward; eommandement, commande: elasse, ordre; ordre:
  décoration; Befehl, Bestellang: Klasse: Orden: Orden.
  Put the letters in a certain o. The chief gave an o.; send an o.
  to the store for goods; he was ordered to go; ordering a coat. Ants
  and worms are in different oo. She is joining an o. He was rewarded
  with an o.
  * Accounts kept in o. (No smoking, by order.).
  ** Goods made to order; in o. to; the lift is oat of 0.
organization, noun.  ’o;ganai’zeijan; organisation; Organisation.
  (e) Persons grouped together by 0.; act of 0.
  The school has no o. An o. for helping persons who have been
  in prison. The o. of an army is a very complex business.
ornament (-er, -ing, -ed), noun.  ’o;namont; ornement; Verzierung,
  Schmuck, Nippsache, Zierde. ‘
  An o. on the shelf (hat); ornamenting the room with flowers.
other, a., pron. ’At$o’“; aatre; andere (-r, -s).
  He came to a stop and the o. man did the same; have you any
  o. suggesti0n?; come some o. time; was anyone there o. than you.
  Others may see us; take one or the o. of the books.
  * Talking to one another. (I, on the o. hand, went to Paris).
  ** Every o. day; the o. day.
our. See I.
ourselves, noun.  Basic words.  We, us (not any other persons).
out, adv. aut; hors, dehors; aus, hinaus.
  outer, a. extérieur; iiuszer.
  Let us go out; flowers come out; breathing out.; I had a tooth out today.
  An outer cover; the outer door is open.
  * Say straight 0.; be reading o. loud; get worked o. (Get o. a
  book; the light (fire) went 0.; let o. the skirt; make o. the sense;
  go o. of the room; be o. of breath; o. of touch with; put o. ofthe
  way; get o. of doing).
312 BASIC ENGLISH

  ** Stamping (rubbing) 0.; men come o. (Go o. of business; o. of doors;
  put o. to grass; o. of line; be on the look-0.; o. of order; o. of pocket; 
  o. of the question; walking o. of step; tired 0.; o. of turn;
  turning o. well; washing o. clothing).
outburst, noun.  Basic words.  A sudden bursting out of sound or feeling.
outcome, noun.  Basic words.  What comes from events.
outcry, noun.  Basic words.  Loud noise, protest.
outdoor, a. Basic words.  In the open air, not in a house.
out(er)most, a. Basic words.  The farthest out.
outgoing, a. Basic words.  Which or who is or are going out.
outhouse, noun.  Basic words.  Building in connection with a house but separate from it.
outlaw, noun.  Basic words.  Person who is put outside the care of the law.
outlet, noun.  Basic words.  Way out for force or substance.
outline, noun.  Basic words.  1. Line round a form. 2. A statement of chief
	points to give a general idea of something.
outlook, noun.  Basic words.  1. Way of looking at things. 2. View.
output, noun.  Basic words.  Amount of work done in a given time.
outside, noun, a., adv., prep. Basic words.  (Of, in, to) the outer part.
outsider, noun.  Basic words.  Person outside, not one of, a given group.
outskirts, nn. Basic words.  The outer edge (of town).
outstretched, a. Basic words.  Fully unfolded, (of arms and so on) put out.
oven, noun.  ’Avn; four; (Brat-, Back-) Ofen.
  Put meat in the 0.
over, prep., adv. ’ouva’*; au dessus: restant; iiber: ubrig.
  (e) More than: at an end: down from edge or upright position.
  A cover o. the meat; have authority o. a person; there is a
  window o. the door; the airplane is o. a house; get o. a wall; jumping o. the water; 
  a change came o. him; get o. a disease. Go o. to the other side. 
  An apple for everyone and two 0.; he is o. 21. The war is o. The boy was pushed 0.
  * The page is turned 0.; say the words 0.
  ** (Straight o. there; turning it o. in one’s mind) .
INTERNATIONAL SECOND LANGUAGE 313

2. Not seeing; not taking into account.

He is the owner of a newspaper (a dog).

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